In recent years, bipolar disorder has gained increased visibility in popular media, with shows like “Euphoria” featuring characters living with the condition. However, despite this growing awareness, bipolar disorder remains frequently misunderstood and misrepresented. As mental health professionals, it’s crucial to dispel common myths and provide accurate information about this complex condition.
Myth: Bipolar Disorder Is When People Are Really Moody
Fact: Bipolar disorder is a spectrum of conditions characterized by distinct mood episodes.
Many people mistakenly believe that bipolar disorder simply means being “moody” or having rapid mood swings. In reality, bipolar disorder is a complex spectrum of conditions characterized by distinct episodes of mood disturbances 1. The spectrum includes:
- Bipolar I Disorder: This type is defined by manic episodes that last at least 7 days or are severe enough to require immediate hospitalization. Depressive episodes typically occur as well, often lasting at least 2 weeks.
- Bipolar II Disorder: This involves a pattern of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, but not the full-blown manic episodes that are typical of Bipolar I Disorder.
- Cyclothymic Disorder: This is characterized by numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms lasting for at least 2 years (1 year in children and adolescents). However, the symptoms do not meet the full criteria for hypomanic or depressive episodes.
These mood episodes are far more severe and prolonged than typical mood fluctuations and can significantly impact a person’s daily functioning.
Myth: Bipolar Disorder Is When People Are Manic
Fact: While mania and hypomania are key features, people with bipolar disorder often spend more time in depressive states.
Another common misconception is that bipolar disorder primarily involves manic episodes. While manic and hypomanic episodes are indeed defining features of bipolar disorder, research shows that individuals with bipolar disorder often spend more time in depressive states than in manic or hypomanic states 2.
Depressive episodes in bipolar disorder can be particularly severe and debilitating. They may include symptoms such as:
- Persistent feelings of sadness or emptiness
- Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
- Significant changes in appetite or weight
- Sleep disturbances
- Fatigue or loss of energy
- Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
- Thoughts of death or suicide
It’s crucial to recognize that the depressive phase of bipolar disorder can be just as challenging, if not more so, than the manic or hypomanic phases.
Myth: People with Bipolar Disorder Can’t Lead Normal Lives
Fact: Many people with bipolar disorder have successful careers and relationships.
One of the most harmful myths about bipolar disorder is that it prevents individuals from leading fulfilling, productive lives. In reality, many people with bipolar disorder successfully manage their condition and thrive in their personal and professional lives 3.
With proper treatment, which often includes a combination of medication and psychotherapy, individuals with bipolar disorder can:
- Maintain stable and rewarding relationships
- Excel in their chosen careers
- Pursue higher education
- Engage in creative endeavors
- Contribute meaningfully to their communities
It’s important to note that while bipolar disorder can present challenges, it does not define a person or limit their potential. With appropriate support and treatment, people with bipolar disorder can lead fulfilling, productive lives.
Conclusion
Understanding the realities of bipolar disorder is crucial for reducing stigma and ensuring that those affected receive the support and treatment they need. By dispelling these common myths, we can foster a more accurate and compassionate understanding of bipolar disorder:
- Bipolar disorder is not simply being “moody,” but a spectrum of conditions with distinct mood episodes.
- While manic and hypomanic episodes are key features, individuals often spend more time in depressive states.
- With proper treatment and support, people with bipolar disorder can lead successful, fulfilling lives.
If you or a loved one are experiencing symptoms of bipolar disorder, it’s important to seek professional help. Rales Jewish Family Services offers comprehensive evaluation and treatment options tailored to individual needs. Don’t let myths and misconceptions prevent you from getting the support you deserve. Reach out to us today to take the first step towards better understanding and managing bipolar disorder.
Citations:
[1] https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/bipolar-disorder
[2] https://www.verywellmind.com/bipolar-disorder-how-often-do-people-cycle-378814
[3] https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1025&context=honors_communication
[4] https://www.sabinorecovery.com/how-long-can-bipolar-depression-last/
Written By: David Beaman, MD
Attending Psychiatrist
Email: DavidB@RalesJFS.org
Ruth & Norman Rales Jewish Family Services
21300 Ruth & Baron Coleman Blvd., Boca Raton, FL 33428
Main: 561.852.3333
Direct: 561.852.5027
